하다 Verbs are some of the most common verbs you’ll see when beginning your Korean learning journey. So let’s get into how they are structured, a comprehensive list including the common and not-so-common, conjugation, and more!
How 하다 Verbs are Structured
Typically, they are structured as a noun + 하다 (which means to do). So study + 하다 = to study, and so on and so forth! These verbs cover a whole range of actions in Korean, which makes it really useful to learners at all different levels.
If you’re introduced to “회의하다” for example, which means to have a meeting, then you know that 회의 means meeting. 하다 verbs cover a lot of different aspects of daily life; from hobbies, talking, eating, school, travel, emotions, and more, so they can really help expand your depth of conversation and understanding!
Conjugating 하다 Verbs
With these verbs ending all the same, this makes conjugating them one of the easiest to work with! Just learning each one for the tenses, and you can say anything from “I graduated last year” to “Joe will go swimming tomorrow”, and more.
Present Tense:
- informal: xx해
- polite informal: xx해요
- polite formal: xx합니다
Past Tense:
- informal: xx했어
- polite informal: xx했어요
- polite formal: xx했습니다
- informal: xx할거야
- polite informal: xx할 거예요
- polite formal: xx할 겁니다
To learn more about formalities, check out my post breaking it down over here!
Most Common 하다 Verbs
Communication Verbs
말하다: to speak
말씀하다: to speak (formal)
대화하다: to have a conversation
이야기하다: to talk (more akin to telling a story; 이야기 comes from story/narrative)
질문하다: to ask a question
대답하다: to answer
답장하다: to answer (like answering letters/texts)
설명하다: to explain
연락하다: to contact, to notify
전하다: to deliver
전화하다: to call
통하다: to get through (to someone)
표현하다: to express (thoughts/feelings)
소개하다: to introduce
발표하다: to give a presentation
방송하다: to broadcast
안내하다: to guide
Thought & Understanding
생각하다: to think
기억하다: to remember
상상하다: to imagine
이해하다: to understand
의미하다: to mean (also signify)
뜻하다: to mean/imply
관찰하다: to observe
결정하다: to decide
정하다: to set
선택하다: to choose (more academic/formal feeling)
결심하다: to make up one’s mind/resolve
약속하다: to promise
신청하다: to apply/request
취소하다: to cancel
성공하다: to succeed
실패하다: to fail
포기하다: to give up
변하다: to change/transform
변화하다: to change (formal version, less used)
변경하다: to exchange/replace
비교하다: to compare
조사하다: to investigate
확인하다: to confirm/identify
Work & Study Verbs
연습하다: to practice
준비하다: to prepare
마련하다: to arrange
계획하다: to plan
개발하다: to develop
공부하다: to study
연구하다: to research/conduct a study
교육하다: to educate/train
수업하다: to give/take lessons
입학하다: to enroll in school
졸업하다: to graduate
출석하다: to attend (a school/institution)
방학하다: to start school vacation
일하다: to work (covers all kinds of work; personal, job, etc.)
근무하다: to work (more formal, only paid or shift work)
아르바이트하다: to have a part-time job
회의하다: to have a meeting
출근하다: to go to work
퇴근하다: to leave work
Daily Activities
식사하다: to have a meal
요리하다: to cook
설거지하다: to do the dishes
빨래하다: to do the laundry
청소하다: to clean
샤워하다: to take a shower
세수하다: to wash one’s face
양치질하다: to brush teeth
머리하다: to do ones hair
산책하다: to take a walk
등산하다: to hike
운동하다: to exercise
수영하다: to swim
노래하다: to sing
게임하다: to play a game
운전하다: to drive
외출하다: to go out
이사하다: to move out
쇼핑하다: to shop
할인가하다: to give a discount
예약하다: to book/make an appointment
주문하다: to order
포장하다: to pack/wrap
배달하다: to deliver
선물하다: to give a present
발생하다: to occur/happen
발전하다: to develop/progress
경험하다: to experience
속하다: to belong
취하다: to be drunk
주차하다: to park
Social & Emotional 하다 Verbs
사랑하다: to love
좋아하다: to like
기뻐하다: to rejoice, to be happy
만족하다: to be satisfied
미워하다: to hate (stronger feeling, more than dislike)
싫어하다: to dislike (can be used for anything you don’t like)
실례하다: to excuse (lit. 실: mistake + 례: manner, usually said as “실례합니다” politely asking “excuse me”)
무시하다: to ignore/neglect
다하다: to be exhausted (also to fulfill/carry out something)
피하다: to avoid
고백하다: to confess
데이트하다: to date
결혼하다: to marry
이혼하다: to divorce
축하하다: to congratulate, to celebrate
칭찬하다: to praise
자랑하다: to show off
감사하다: to thank
초대하다: to invite
부탁하다: to ask a favor
인사하다: to greet
Traveling
출발하다: to leave
도착하다: to arrive
여행하다: to travel
방문하다: to visit
이동하다: to move to a new place
참석하다: to attend (a party/event/etc.)
구하다: to seek/look
구경하다: to sightsee/watch
발견하다: to discover/find
하다 Verbs for Use & Effort
사용하다: to use (like a tool, for a function or purpose)
이용하다: to use (more ‘make good use of something’ or ‘use to your advantage’)
활용하다: to utilize
노력하다: to make an effort to do something
수고하다: to work hard
잘하다: to do something well
실수하다: to make a mistake
잘못하다: to do wrong (bigger mistake/mess up)
포함하다: to include
더하다: to add
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