One of my first posts on Sino-Korean and using Hanja to learn Korea was on 人 Hanja, which is where 인 in 인간 and many other words come from. While 人 is related to people, the Hanja we are covering today is also related, but more about describing a person. 者 or 자 relates more to describing people with a specific job, characteristic, status, etc.. The breakdown of the Hanja from many of these comes out to “the one who __”.
Professions
가입자: member/policyholder
강연자: lecturer
교육자: educator
기자: journalist
기술자: technician/engineer
사자: messenger/envoy
사회자: chairperson or host/MC (lit. take charge, assemble, those who)
연기자: performer (not usually used when talking about actors; has a wider range)
지휘자: conductor
철학자: philosopher
저자: author
필자: writer
필기자: scribe
공편자: collaborator
번역자: translator
공학자: engineer/technologist
과학자: scientist
물리학자: physicist
수학자: mathematician
심리학자: psychologist
연구자: researcher
학자: scholar
화학자: chemist
개척자: pioneer/settler (lit. start, expand, those who)
순례자: pilgrim
창시자: originator
창조자: creator
운전자: the driver
Describing People
배우자: spouse (formal & neutral, more so used in legal or official cases)
약혼자: fiancé
숭배자: adorer
동반자: companion
보호자: guardian/protector
몽유병자: sleepwalker
방관자: bystander/onlooker
부자: a rich person
부잣집: rich man’s house
후계자: heir
Participants and Attendees
참가자: participant
참석자: attendee/attendance
응모자: applicant
예약자: subscriber/person who made a reservation
출품자: exhibitor
Criminals and Victims
범죄자: criminal
무법자: outlaw
살인자: killer/murderer
암살자: assassin
정범자: offender
공모자: conspirator
공범자: accomplice
도망자: fugitive
체포자: captor
환자: patient
부상자: casualty
피해자: victim
피난자: evacuee
생존자: survivor
망명자: asylum seeker/refugee
Competitors, Opponents, and Rivals
경쟁자: competitor, rival
도전자: challenger
반대자: objector/opposer
토론자: debater
승리자: victor/winner
Residents and Consumers
거주자: inhabitant/resident
국외자: outsider
귀환자: returnee
방문자: visitor
침입자: intruder/invader
사용자: a user/consumer
구매자: purchaser
소비자: consumer
Government and Business
감독자: overseer/supervisor
책임자: manager/person in charge
경영자: manager/proprietor
지도자: leader
독재자: dictator/autocrat
지배자: ruler
입법자: legislator
대표자: delegate/representative
청원자: petitioner
투표자: voter
채권자: creditor
고리대금업자: loan shark (lit. high, profit, lend, gold, profession, those who)
소유자: owner/proprietor
생산자: manufacturer/producer
예금자: depositor
공급자: provider
사업자: businessman
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